13 abr 2026

2º Bachillerato. Guía de supervivencia con el REPORTED SPEECH. Crack the Reported Speech Code

Nota amarilla con una bombilla · imagen ilustrativa de ideas y resolución de problemas

THE MIDNIGHT HEIST — CRACK THE REPORTED SPEECH CODE

NeuroEnglish for You! · Manuel Molina Porlán

🕵️ The Art of Reported Speech & Mysteries

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🧠 Plan de práctica: del interrogatorio al informe

Investiga un misterio ficticio mientras practicas reported speech. Lee, responde sin abrir las pistas y revisa tus errores. En los ejercicios, imagina que informas más tarde, desde otro lugar: usa el backshift y adapta los pronombres y las referencias de tiempo. Nivel orientativo B2; los tiempos son flexibles.

1. Priming: Detective Vocabulary ⏱️ 3 min

Interrogate
To ask questions closely or aggressively.
🌍 Traducir
Interrogar
Suspect
A person thought to be guilty of a crime.
🌍 Traducir
Sospechoso/a
Witness
A person who sees an event, typically a crime.
🌍 Traducir
Testigo
Valuable
Worth a great deal of money.
🌍 Traducir
Valioso/a
Alibi
Evidence that you were elsewhere during a crime.
🌍 Traducir
Coartada
Disable
To stop a machine or system from working.
🌍 Traducir
Desactivar
Evidence
Information that helps to prove who committed a crime.
🌍 Traducir
Pruebas / Evidencia
Clue
A fact or object that helps solve a mystery.
🌍 Traducir
Pista

2. Reading: The Midnight Heist ⏱️ 8 min

🎧 Neuro-Listening: Escucha el interrogatorio. Fíjate en cómo formulan las preguntas directas.

I Yesterday, a valuable diamond was reported stolen from the National Museum. Detective Miller arrived at the scene and immediately began to interrogate the witnesses. "I will find the thief very soon," he promised the museum director.

II First, the detective spoke to the security guard. "What time did you lock the doors?" the detective asked. The guard shivered and replied, "I locked them at exactly midnight. I didn't hear anything suspicious." Then, the detective warned him, "Don't leave the city tomorrow."

III Next, Miller interviewed the cleaning lady. She was crying and said, "I have been cleaning this floor for three hours. Have you checked the security cameras?" The detective nodded and ordered the police officers, "Bring me the tapes immediately!"

IV Suddenly, a mysterious man entered the room. "I can help you solve the case," he whispered. Miller asked him who he was and demanded to see his ID. The man smiled and said, "I am the owner of the diamond, and it is safely hidden in my pocket. I took it home to clean it."

3. Reading Comprehension ⏱️ 10 min

A. True or False? (Find evidence)

  • 1. The detective interrogated the museum director first.
    Pista y explicaciónCheck Paragraph II: Who did he speak to first?
  • 2. The guard said that he had left the doors open.
    Pista y explicaciónCheck Paragraph II: Look for the verb "lock" and the time.
  • 3. The mysterious man claimed to be the owner of the diamond.
    Pista y explicaciónCheck Paragraph IV: Who did the man claim to be?

B. Find Synonyms (Interactive)

Busca en el texto palabras que signifiquen lo mismo. Pincha para ver una pista.

1. Question / Ask aggressively (Par. I)
Ver pista
💡 Pista: Empieza por I. "He began to ______ the witnesses."
2. Trembled / Shook with fear (Par. II)
Ver pista
💡 Pista: Empieza por S. "The guard ______ and replied..."
3. Spoke very quietly (Par. IV)
Ver pista
💡 Pista: Empieza por W. "I can help you... he ______."

Responde True/False y escribe los sinónimos exactos que aparecen en el texto. Abre las pistas solo cuando las necesites.

🧠 Brain Break (Pausa Activa)

¡Has resuelto el misterio! Antes de enfrentarnos a la Gramática del Reported Speech, aparta la vista de la pantalla 20 segundos y descansa un momento. Haz una pausa cómoda antes de continuar.

Grammar: The Reported Speech Masterclass 🕵️‍♂️

📜 El "Cheat Sheet" del Reported Speech

Para pasar del estilo directo ("...") al indirecto, suele aplicarse backshift con verbos introductores en pasado. No es automático: puede mantenerse el tiempo si la información sigue siendo válida. En esta práctica, informa desde un momento y lugar posteriores.

1. Tiempos Verbales (Un paso atrás)

  • Present Simple ➔ Past Simple
  • Present Continuous ➔ Past Continuous
  • Past Simple ➔ Past Perfect
  • Present Perfect ➔ Past Perfect
  • Will ➔ Would / Can ➔ Could
  • Present Perfect Continuous ➔ Past Perfect Continuous
  • Past Perfect ➔ Past Perfect (sin cambio)

2. Tiempo y Lugar (Time words)

  • Today ➔ That day
  • Tomorrow ➔ The next/following day
  • Yesterday ➔ The previous day / the day before
  • Here ➔ There
  • This / These ➔ That / Those

⚠️ REGLAS DE ORO PARA PREGUNTAS (El gran error de Selectividad)

  • No uses "that" para introducir la interrogativa indirecta. Usa IF/WHETHER (para Yes/No questions) o mantén la partícula WH- (Where, What...).
  • Elimina DO / DOES / DID cuando sirven para formar la pregunta. Conserva los auxiliares be/have/modales que necesite el verbo.
    "Where do you live?" -> He asked me where I lived. (¡No "where did I live"!)
  • Orden Afirmativo: Sujeto + Verbo. La interrogativa indirecta usa orden de enunciado, sin inversión.

Órdenes y peticiones: reporting verb + persona + (not) to + infinitivo.

Pronombres y tiempo: cambian según quién informa, cuándo y dónde. No se sustituyen de forma mecánica.

Exercise 1: Statements (Afirmaciones) ⏱️ 10 min

Report the following statements from the text and other witnesses.

  • 1. "I didn't hear anything suspicious," the guard said.
    The guard said (that) ...
    Pista y explicaciónEl verbo está en Past Simple (didn't hear). Pásalo a Past Perfect. Cuidado con el pronombre "I".
  • 2. "I will find the thief very soon," the detective promised.
    The detective promised (that) ...
    Pista y explicaciónCambia "will" por su forma pasada.
  • 3. "I have been cleaning this floor for three hours," the lady said.
    The lady said (that) ...
    Pista y explicaciónPresent Perfect Continuous pasa a Past Perfect Continuous. ¡Ojo! Cambia "this" por "that".
  • 4. "We are investigating the crime scene today," the police officer stated.
    The police officer stated (that) ...
    Pista y explicaciónPresent Continuous pasa a Past Continuous. Cambia "today" por "that day".

Escribe solo las palabras que continúan el inicio proporcionado. La comprobación admite los modelos y sus variantes previstas; otras redacciones válidas requieren revisión del docente.

Exercise 2: Questions (Preguntas) ⏱️ 15 min

🚫
ERROR FATAL: En las preguntas de Reported Speech no se usa inversión ni do/does/did para formar la interrogativa. Se conservan be, have y los modales cuando forman parte del tiempo verbal. Si la oración completa es una pregunta, sí puede llevar signo de interrogación. El orden es Sujeto + Verbo.
  • 1. "What time did you lock the doors?" the detective asked the guard.
    The detective asked the guard ...
    Pista y explicación1) Mantén el "What time". 2) Quita el "did". 3) Pon el Sujeto ("he") + Verbo en Past Perfect (porque "lock" estaba en pasado).
  • 2. "Have you checked the security cameras?" the lady asked Miller.
    The lady asked Miller ...
    Pista y explicaciónComo es una pregunta de Sí/No (empieza por Have), pon un "IF" o "WHETHER". Luego Sujeto + Verbo (un paso atrás).
  • 3. "Who are you?" the detective asked the mysterious man.
    The detective asked the mysterious man ...
    Pista y explicaciónMantén el "Who". Sujeto ("he") + Verbo (was). ¡Orden afirmativo!
  • 4. "Do you know the owner of the museum?" they asked her.
    They asked her ...
    Pista y explicaciónPregunta Yes/No con Present Simple. Pon "if", quita el "do", y pasa el verbo "know" a pasado.

Escribe solo las palabras que continúan el inicio proporcionado. La comprobación admite los modelos y sus variantes previstas; otras redacciones válidas requieren revisión del docente.

Exercise 3: Commands & Requests (Órdenes) ⏱️ 10 min

💡 El truco más fácil: Para las órdenes no cambiamos los tiempos verbales de forma loca. Solo usamos:
Afirmativa: TO + Infinitive (He ordered me TO GO).
Negativa: NOT TO + Infinitive (He warned me NOT TO GO).

  • 1. "Don't leave the city tomorrow," the detective warned him.
    The detective warned him ...
    Pista y explicaciónUsa la estructura negativa "not to leave". ¡Y no olvides cambiar "tomorrow"!
  • 2. "Bring me the tapes immediately!" the detective ordered the officers.
    The detective ordered the officers ...
    Pista y explicaciónUsa la estructura afirmativa "to bring". Cambia "me" por el pronombre correcto (él).
  • 3. "Please, sit down and relax," the officer asked the lady.
    The officer asked the lady ...
    Pista y explicaciónQuita el "please" (ya está implícito en el verbo "asked"). Usa "to sit".

Escribe solo las palabras que continúan el inicio proporcionado. La comprobación admite los modelos y sus variantes previstas; otras redacciones válidas requieren revisión del docente.

Writing: News Article 📰 ⏱️ 25 min

Topic: Write a news report about a recent crime or unusual event in your city. Include at least 3 sentences using Reported Speech to tell what the police, witnesses, or victims said. (120-150 words)

🏗️ Structure

  • Headline: A catchy title (e.g., Bank Robbery in Downtown!).
  • Introduction: What, when, where, and who.
  • Body: The details of the event. Here is where you use Reported Speech for the interviews!
    (e.g., A witness claimed that...).
  • Conclusion: Current situation. What is happening now? (e.g., The police are still investigating...).

🔥 Reporting Verbs

  • The police stated that...
  • A witness claimed that...
  • The suspect denied stealing the...
  • The victim explained that...
  • The officer added that...

0 palabras · objetivo 120–150

Ver un modelo de writing

A valuable diamond was reported missing from the National Museum yesterday morning. Detective Miller arrived shortly afterwards and interviewed several people who had been inside the building. The security guard said that he had locked the doors at midnight and had not heard anything suspicious. The detective asked him what time he had finished his shift. A cleaner explained that she had been working on the ground floor for three hours. She also asked whether the officers had checked the security cameras. Later, a visitor claimed that he owned the diamond and had taken it home to clean it. Miller ordered the officers to examine the recordings before accepting his explanation. The museum remains closed while the police establish what happened and verify the visitor’s account.

Rúbrica para revisar tu redacción

Comprueba que tu noticia incluya titular, qué ocurrió, cuándo y dónde, tres usos de reported speech, pronombres coherentes y una conclusión. Revisa organización, vocabulario y gramática con tu docente.

La comprobación revisa extensión y tu checklist; no califica automáticamente contenido o gramática.

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© 2026 Manuel Molina Porlán. All rights reserved. Part of the NEUROEDUCATION Educational Publishing Project. Original articles, educational materials, activities, illustrations and multimedia content are protected by intellectual property legislation.

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