2º Bachillerato: Modelo de examen del tema 3, con correcciones.

Manual de Supervivencia: Selectividad

Guía integral Unit 3 Level 2. Domina la gramática y el vocabulario urbano con este método interactivo.

Objetivos de Aprendizaje

Tiempos Verbales Pasivas Impersonales Causativas (Have/Get) Word Building Conditionals & Wishes

Neuro-Ayuda

"Tu cerebro retiene mejor cuando interactúa. Escucha las frases, prueba tus respuestas y lee las explicaciones claras cuando falles."

Vocabulary and Grammar

1. Sentence Transformation (10 pts)

Instrucciones: Reescribe la frase usando de 1 a 4 palabras, incluyendo la palabra entre paréntesis.

Causatives Passive

1. Let's stop illegal parking. (put)

Let's illegal parking.

Explicación clara: Usamos la locución "Put an end to" (poner fin a). Es una forma idiomática y formal de sustituir al verbo "stop".

2. Climate change has affected the planet in terrible ways. (effect)

Climate change has had a the planet.

Explicación clara: Pasamos del verbo "affect" al sustantivo "effect". Recuerda la preposición fija: "Have an effect ON".

3. The city's old transport system doesn’t work very well. (smoothly)

The city's old transport system doesn't .

Explicación clara: Usamos "run smoothly" (funcionar como la seda/sin problemas) para referirnos a sistemas o máquinas que operan bien.

4. Let's get out of the city for a few days. (break)

Let's take a for a few days.

Explicación clara: "Take a break" significa tomarse un respiro o descanso, perfecto para una escapada urbana.

5. There's space to build a new school. (room)

There's the new school.

Explicación clara: "Room" como sustantivo incontable significa espacio disponible. Siempre pide la preposición "for".

2. Cloze Text: Milton Keynes (9 pts)

Instrucciones: Rellena los huecos del texto con las palabras del recuadro. No sobran palabras.

housing • affordable • tempted • put in charge • put pressure on • high-rise • access to • put an emphasis on • along with

Milton Keynes is perhaps one of Britain's most famous new towns. It was built to increase (1) opportunities in the southeast of England, at (2) prices. The Milton Keynes Development Corporation was (3) of the project. They decided to (4) creating parks and green spaces. The developers also created an unusual road system, (5) foot and bike paths, so that everyone would have convenient (6) different parts of the town. Originally, there was a ban on (7) buildings, allowing a maximum height of six floors in the city centre. However, this changed after some town officials (8) the developers to allow taller buildings. Most residents are happy living in Milton Keynes, and many more are (9) to move there.

3. Quotes Matching (6 pts)

Instrucciones: Relaciona la cita con la palabra o frase que mejor la describa de esta lista:
[run an errand • hectic • packed • suburbs • abandoned • inequality]

1. "The shop was very crowded."

2. "It’s not far from London, and it’s quieter than the city."

3. "Women are often paid less than men."

4. "The mayor has a very busy life."

5. "I went out to buy a few groceries."

6. "This building has been empty for years."

4. Passive Power (8 pts)

Instrucciones: Pasa las frases a voz pasiva respetando el tiempo verbal original.

1. They shouldn't have given that firm the award.

The

Explicación clara: Pasiva de modal perfecto: Sujeto pasivo + shouldn't have + BEEN + participio. El "been" es esencial.

2. People believe that nobody will buy this old house.

It

Explicación clara: Pasiva impersonal: "It" + is/was + participio (believed/said/known) + "that" + resto de la frase.

3. How many new homes are the developers building?

How

Explicación clara: Pasiva continua (Present Continuous): am/is/are + BEING + participio. Recuerda invertir el orden si es pregunta.

4. We will improve the roads very soon.

The

Explicación clara: Pasiva de futuro simple: Sujeto + will be + participio.

5. Rewrite Practice (12 pts)

Instrucciones: Reescribe usando la palabra clave entre paréntesis.

1. They had painted the house before they moved in. (got)

Explicación clara: Causativa: Sujeto + GOT + objeto + participio. Indica que contrataron o consiguieron que alguien hiciera el trabajo.

2. A company has built a gym at our school. (been)

Explicación clara: Pasiva de Present Perfect: Sujeto pasivo + has/have + BEEN + participio.

3. A car park wasn't built next to the school. (they)

Explicación clara: Cambiamos de pasiva negativa (past simple) a activa negativa. Recuerda usar el auxiliar "didn't" + infinitivo.

4. The developers are planning a neighbourhood of luxury homes. (planned)

Explicación clara: Pasiva de Present Continuous: Sujeto pasivo + is/are + BEING + participio.

6. Verb Forms: The London Sphere (5 pts)

Instrucciones: Elige la forma correcta (activa, pasiva o causativa) de los verbos entre paréntesis.

The city of London recently made plans to (1) (build) a huge sphere near the site of its 2012 Olympic Stadium. "Major concerts (2) (hold) inside," said city planners, “and the LED advertising screen on the sphere's exterior will be the largest in the world.” The city council soon received petitions from area residents who (3) (protest) against the bright lights and increased traffic that the sphere would cause. Eventually, plans for the sphere (4) (cancel) by the Mayor of London. I was glad to hear this, because I believe that the quality of life for residents (5) (should / preserve).

Reading: One-Euro Houses

Europe's population is starting to fall, noticeably in rural areas. In addition to the low birth rate, there’s also emigration to urban areas, where job prospects and lifestyles are far more attractive for young people. As the younger generation leaves and the older inhabitants gradually die off, houses fall into disrepair and, eventually, towns turn into ghost towns.

In Italy, there are said to be around 6,000 completely abandoned villages and another 15,000 where the population has drastically fallen. In an attempt to reverse this trend, the Sicilian town of Salemi became the first place to offer houses for sale for just €1. With Arabic architecture typical for the area and views of the distant Mediterranean Sea, Salemi is a tourist attraction. However, much of the town is run-down and its population is in decline.

Other towns and villages soon took up the €1 house sale scheme. Potential buyers must provide a detailed plan of the improvements they intend to make. In addition, buyers are given a strict time limit for completing the work. The houses are often very neglected, and all the costs of repairs are the responsibility of the purchaser. However, once finished, the owners can decide whether to become a permanent resident, use the house as a second home or turn it into a holiday flat for tourists. In some towns, there's a ban on the houses being sold, at least in the short term.

The EU has also given funds to countries to boost their economies. In Italy, some of this money is being given to dying towns. There's an idea to attract "digital nomads" – people who can work anywhere and who spend their time on the go. Some of the funds will be used for high-speed Internet, essential for digital nomads to keep in touch with the outside world. It’s hoped that more businesses will open, providing jobs and encouraging locals to stay.

Neither scheme has had much effect yet, but perhaps one day, more people will decide that a quiet, friendly village offers a better life than a busy, crowded city.

1. Choose the correct answer: (8 pts)

1. Europe's population is falling...

b. because fewer people are being born a. high death rates

2. Salemi is famous because...

a. it was the first to sell houses for €1 c. its architecture is unique

3. The problem with buying a €1 house is...

b. they\'re often in very poor condition d. the price is higher

4. Buyers may not be allowed to...

d. resell the house for a certain time c. rent to people

2. Complete the sentences: (10 pts)

1. Ghost towns are created when...

2. From Salemi, it’s possible...

3. After buying a house, buyers have a...

4. House buyers are responsible for...

5. One way to attract digital nomads would be...

3. Synonyms: (12 pts)

1. easy to see or recognise (Para I)

2. damaged / bad condition (Para I)

3. decreasing (Para II)

4. started activity (Para III)

5. improve (Para IV)

6. on the move (Para IV)

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