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29 dic 2025

The Logic of Addition & Emphasis Don't just say "And". Learn to stack ideas like a pro builder and hammer your points home with emphasis.

The Logic of Addition & Emphasis | PAGS Unit
PAGS Level 3/4 Preparation

The Logic of
Addition & Emphasis

Don't just say "And". Learn to stack ideas like a pro builder and hammer your points home with emphasis. No digas solo "Y". Aprende a apilar ideas como un constructor pro y refuerza tus puntos con énfasis.

+

Addition

Also, Too

++

Formal

Moreover

!!!

Emphasis

In Fact

Phase 1

The Chain: Basic Links

Where do you put the link? Position is everything. ¿Dónde pones el enlace? La posición lo es todo.

ALSO

Position: Before main verb / After 'Be'.

I also like pizza. También me gusta la pizza.
She is also tired. Ella también está cansada.

TOO / AS WELL

Position: At the END of the sentence.

I like pizza too. Me gusta la pizza también.
She is tired as well. Ella está cansada también.

BESIDES

Meaning: "Anyway" or "In addition to".

It's expensive. Besides, I don't like it. Además (de todos modos), no me gusta.
Besides English, she speaks... Además de inglés... (Preposición).
Phase 2

The Formal Bridge

Use these to connect ideas in essays and formal speech. Úsalos para conectar ideas en redacciones y contextos formales.

Structure & Argument

Adds a stronger point to the argument.

"The rent is high. Moreover, the location is bad."

Además / Por otra parte.

"He is lazy. Furthermore, he is rude."

Es más / Además.

Listing Points

Good for lists or sequences.

"In addition to the cost, it takes time."

Además del coste...

"Additionally, we need more staff."

Adicionalmente / Además.
Phase 3

The Amplifier

Confirm, surprise, or correct. Make your point stronger. Confirma, sorprende o corrige. Haz tu punto más fuerte.

IN FACT

Surprising truth or adding detail.

"I like him. In fact, I love him."

De hecho...

ACTUALLY

FALSE FRIEND! It means "In reality", NOT "Currently".

"...but actually he is poor."

...pero en realidad es pobre.

INDEED

Formal confirmation.

"It is very cold indeed."

Ciertamente / De verdad que sí.
The Connector Vault

Master List

The Arena (40 Qs)

Connector Challenge

  • L1: And, Also, Too (Basic)
  • L2: Moreover, Furthermore (Formal)
  • L3: Actually, In fact (Emphasis)
  • L4: Traps (Besides vs Beside)

The Logic of Arguments. Build your essay like an architect. Balance the pros and cons before revealing your opinion. Structure is key.

The Logic of Arguments | PAGS Unit
PAGS Level 3/4 Preparation

The Logic of
Arguments

Build your essay like an architect. Balance the pros and cons before revealing your opinion. Structure is key. Construye tu ensayo como un arquitecto. Equilibra los pros y los contras antes de revelar tu opinión. La estructura es clave.

Phase 1

The 4-Paragraph Blueprint

Don't mix ideas. Keep them in their rooms. No mezcles ideas. Mantenlas en sus habitaciones.

1

Introduction

State the topic. Do NOT give your opinion yet.

"It is often said that..."

"Many people believe..."

"However, others disagree."

2

Arguments FOR

List the advantages. Use connectors.

"One major advantage is..."

"Furthermore,..."

"For example,..."

3

Arguments AGAINST

List the disadvantages. Contrast with P2.

"On the other hand,..."

"Critics argue that..."

"Moreover, it can cause..."

4

Conclusion

Summarize. NOW give your opinion.

"To sum up,..."

"In conclusion,..."

"Personally, I believe..."

Phase 2

The Mortar (Connectors)

Smooth transitions are the mark of a pro. Las transiciones suaves son la marca de un profesional.

Contrasting

However Sin embargo.
On the other hand Por otro lado.
Nevertheless No obstante (Muy formal).
In contrast Por el contrario.

Concluding

To sum up Para resumir.
In conclusion En conclusión.
All in all En general / En definitiva.
Taking everything into account Teniendo todo en cuenta.
Phase 3

The Formal Touch

Avoid slang. Dress your essay in a tuxedo. Evita la jerga. Viste a tu ensayo de etiqueta.

AVOID

  • Contractions (Don't, Can't)
  • "I think" (Too personal)
  • "Good/Bad" (Too simple)
  • Exclamation marks (!)

USE

  • Full forms (Do not, Cannot)
  • "It is believed that..."
  • "Beneficial/Detrimental"
  • Passive Voice
The Essay Vault

Connector Master List

The Arena (50 Qs)

Argument Master

  • L1: Structure (Intro/Body/Concl)
  • L2: Addition (Moreover)
  • L3: Contrast (However)
  • L4: Formal Style
  • Boss: Rewrite

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