12 ene 2022

Reading comprehension: the sharing economy.

Buenas tardes, estimados alumnos.

De nuevo, vuelvo a recurrir a nuestros amigos del British Council, a quienes les doy las gracias por su ayuda, para poner en práctica vuestros 'reading skills' y aprender mucho vocabulario.

https://www.blablacar.es

El texto de hoy lleva por título 'The sharing economy' y, de nuevo, es un tema de rabiosa actualidad, pues vivimos en una época en la que, por diversos motivos, vamos de blablacar en blablacar, por ejemplo. Y algún motivo habrá para ello, innit?

Vamos al surco:

'If we look around us at the things we have purchased at some point in our lives, we would no doubt notice that not everything we own is being put to good use: the thick woollen coat which we thought looked trendy despite the fact that we live in a tropical country, the smartphone that got put away when we bought ourselves the newest model, the car that only gets used at the weekends, or even the guest room in our house that somehow got turned into a storeroom.

Those underutilised items may seem useless to some, but could be an asset to others. With the advent of the internet, online communities have figured out a way to generate profit from the sharing of those underused assets. Using websites and social media groups that facilitate the buying and selling of second-hand goods, it is now easier than ever for peer-to-peer sharing activities to take place. And this is known as the sharing economy.

These democratised online platforms are providing a chance for people to make a quick buck or two. To give an example, busy parents previously might not have bothered with setting up a stall at the local market or car boot sale to sell their children's old equipment, but with online marketplaces, parents are now able to sell on those hardly worn baby clothes that their children have outgrown and the expensive pushchairs and baby equipment they have invested in, so as to put some cash back into their pockets.

Businesses have also caught on to the profitability of the sharing economy and are seeking to gain from making use of those underutilised resources. A business model that has rapidly risen in popularity sees companies providing an online platform that puts customers in contact with those who can provide a particular product or service. Companies like Airbnb act as a middleman for people to cash in on their unused rooms and houses and let them out as lucrative accommodation. Another example is Uber, which encourages people to use their own personal cars as taxis to make some extra cash in their free time.

This move towards a sharing economy is not without criticisms. Unlike businesses, unregulated individuals do not have to follow certain regulations and this can lead to poorer and inconsistent quality of goods and services and a higher risk of fraud. Nevertheless, in the consumerist society we live in today, the increased opportunities to sell on our unwanted and underused goods can lead to a lesser impact on our environment.'


Saludos.

Reading comprehension: A plastic ocean.

Buenas tardes, estimados alumnos.


Descripción de la tarea para el curso:



Buenas tardes. Es un decir. Me acabáis de escribir 3 de vosotros para informarme que el covid ha entrado en vuestras casas durante una temporada de vacaciones de Navidad. Esto es un desastre.
Pero tenemos que seguir trabajando.

Para hoy, he cogido prestado un texto de un examen de vuestro nivel, en este caso, del British Council, de un tema de actualidad, como siempre hacemos, porque como os he dicho muchas veces, los temas de los exámenes suelen ser temas de actualidad y relevancia social.




Hoy vamos a traducir el texto y, además, vamos a hacer dos tareas más: por un lado, tenéis que completar 5 huecos con 5 frases que os dejo a continuación. Por otro lado, tendréis que completar 8 frases con 8 palabras, nada más.  
Vamos a la tarea.

CÓDIGOS DE COLORES:

AZUL: Traducciones.

ROJO: Aspectos gramaticales.

VERDE: Aspectos culturales.

NARANJA: Estructuras concatenadas

MORADO: Traducción y sinónimos, antónimos, etc.

Amarillo: Palabras con trampa.

Os dejo una plantilla para que, sobre la marcha, podáis ir completando con sinónimos, antónimos, etc -si los sabéis- así como el significado de cada palabra. Espero que os sea de utilidad. Pinchad aquí para descargarla.



A Plastic Ocean is a film to make you think. Think, and then act. We need to take action on our dependence on plastic. We've been producing plastic in huge quantities since the 1940s. Drink bottles, shopping bags, toiletries and even clothes are made with plastic. 1) _____. What happens to all the rest? This is the question the film A Plastic Ocean answers. It is a documentary that looks at the impact that plastic waste has on the environment. Spoiler alert: the impact is devastating.

The film begins as a journey to film the largest animal on the planet, the blue whale. But during the journey the filmmakers (journalist Craig Leeson and environmental activist Tanya Streeter) make the shocking discovery of a huge, thick layer of plastic floating in the middle of the Indian Ocean. 2) _____. In total, they visited 20 locations around the world during the four years it took them to make the film. The documentary premiered in 2016, and is now on streaming services such as Netflix.

It's very clear that a lot of research went into the film. There are beautiful shots of the seas and marine life. 3) _____. We see how marine species are being killed by all the plastic we are dumping in the ocean. The message about our use of plastic is painfully obvious.


Pincha en este enlace para descargarte unos apuntes realmente buenos sobre la voz pasiva, que ya va tocando. Incluye un total de 17 ejercicios que iremos haciendo hasta final de curso. Para hoy, deberás traducir el siguiente cuadro:

https://inglescarmelitaslb.files.wordpress.com/2011/03/the-passive-voice1.pdf


4) _____. In the second half, the filmmakers look at what we can do to reverse the tide of plastic flowing around the world. They present short-term and long-term solutions. These include avoiding plastic containers and 'single-use' plastic products as much as possible. Reuse your plastic bags and recycle as much as you can. The filmmakers also stress the need for governments to work more on recycling programmes, and look at how technology is developing that can convert plastic into fuel.

We make a staggering amount of plastic. In terms of plastic bags alone, we use five hundred billion worldwide annually. Over 300 million tons of plastic are produced every year, and at least 8 million of those are dumped into the oceans. 5) _____. Once you've seen A Plastic Ocean, you'll realise the time is now and we all have a role to play.



https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/skills/reading/upper-intermediate-b2/a-plastic-ocean-a-film-review


Saludos.

10 ene 2022

The past perfect in English.

Buenas tardes, estimados alumnos.

Vamos a trabajar en esta entrada el conocido en inglés como 'pasado perfect o past perfect', verbo que usamos para contar que 'habíamos realizado' una acción en un momento concreto, antes de hacer otra tarea, etc.

👉👉👉  Empezaremos con un video muy sencillo, de los que van al grano y se dejan de zarandajas, que os recomiendo que veáis: pincha en este enlace:



Es fácil: 

'I had eaten my dinner before you phoned me.' (pasado perfecto simple).

'Yo había cenado antes de que me llamaras.'

'I had been eating my dinner when you phoned me.' (pasado perfecto continuo).

'Yo había estado cenando cuando me llamaste.'

'It had been raining all the evening'.

'Estuvo lloviendo toda la tarde.'


✋✋✋ Todas las personas se van a conjugar de la misma manera. Observa:

I had eaten pasta for dinner when you came with the pizza.

You had eaten pasta...

She had eaten pasta...

It had eaten pasta...

We had eaten pasta...

You had eaten pasta...

They had eaten pasta...


👉👉👉 Para poner ese verbo en negativa, basta con poner la palabra 'not' después de 'had' o bien usar la forma contraída 'hadn't'.

I had not eaten pasta for dinner when you came with the pizza.

You hadn't eaten pasta...

She had not eaten pasta...


👉👉👉 Para hacer una pregunta, basta con poner 'had' delante de la persona.

'Had you eaten pasta for dinner?

'Had she eaten pasta...?


✋✋✋ Pincha en este enlace para ver la diferencia entre la forma simple y la forma continua. Por favor, pincha en el enlace, lee la información y completa el ejercicio online que hay al final del texto y que puedes ver aquí:

https://www.superprof.es/apuntes/idiomas/ingles/gramatica-inglesa/verb-tense/past-perfect-simple-and-continuous.html#tema_ejercicios-del-pasado-perfecto-continuo-y-del-pasado-perfecto

El verbo que usamos es muy fácil de conjugar: usamos el verbo auxiliar 'have' en pasado, o sea, 'had' y siempre seguido de un participio, para entendernos, la tercera forma de los verbos irregulares o un verbo acabado en -ed.

'I had already sold my old clothes in Vinted when you asked to buy them'.

'Yo ya había vendido mi ropa vieja en Vinted cuando tú me pediste comprármela'.

'You had payed for the food at the restaurant when I wanted to invite you'.

'Tú habías pagado la comida del restaurante cuando yo quería invitarte'.

✊✊✊✊✊ Past perfect passive: pasado perfecto pasivo, más fácil todavía:

'I had been told to be punctual for the meeting'

'Me dijeron que fuera puntual para la reunión'

'You had been asked to do the entrance exam'.

'Te pidieron que hicieras el examen de acceso'.

'She had been given a new laptop for her new job'

'Le dieron un nuevo portátil en su nuevo trabajo'.

'He had been sold a broken car'.

'Le vendieron un coche averiado.'

'We had been requested to pay more taxes'.

'Nos pidieron que pagáramos más impuestos'.

'You had been ordered to leave your job and look for another one'.

'Se te ordenó dejar tu trabajo y que te buscaras uno nuevo'.

'They had been presented with a new computer for their birthday'.

'Les regalaron un nuevo ordenador por su cumpleaños'.

Y ahora, a practicar estos ejercicios:

nº 1: enlace.

nº 2: enlace.

nº 3: enlace.

nº 4: enlace.

nº 5: enlace.

Feliz año nuevo.

Reading comprehension: Novak Djokovic wins case against Australia over canceled visa.

Buenas tardes, estimados alumnos.

Comenzamos el III Año de la Era Covid con el virus Omicron ligando con su primo Delta y pariendo el flurona. Solo esas palabras demuestran que algo huele a chamusquina.
The Washington Post


Retomamos con energía y ganas el curso comenzando hoy el 2º trimestre de vuestros cursos, algunos con los exámenes en abril y otros en junio. Pero recuerden, tempus fugit.

Y, de nuevo, vamos con noticias de actualidad: la opereta bufa entre el tenista Novak Djokovic y el gobierno australiano, que ocupa los titulares de todos los medios de comunicación. Me pregunto si este es el principal problema de nuestra sociedad, con flurona paseándose por Las Ramblas como si nada. 

Bueno, al tajo que es noche.


CÓDIGOS DE COLORES:

AZUL: Traducciones.

ROJO: Aspectos gramaticales.

VERDE: Aspectos culturales.

NARANJA: Estructuras concatenadas

MORADO: Traducción y sinónimos, antónimos, etc.

Amarillo: Palabras con trampa.

Os dejo una plantilla para que, sobre la marcha, podáis ir completando con sinónimos, antónimos, etc y los significados. Espero que os sea de utilidad. Pinchad aquí para descargarla.

MELBOURNE, Australia — Novak Djokovic will be allowed to remain in Australia, clearing the way for him to compete in the Australian Open after a judge on Monday overturned a decision to cancel the tennis star’s visa.

The decision, by Federal Circuit Court Judge Anthony Kelly, ended a five-day standoff between the world’s top-ranked men’s player and Australian officials that had become an international spectacle. It gives the Serbian star a shot at breaking the record for men’s Grand Slam singles titles at the Melbourne tournament.

https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles-espanol/shot?q=+shot


As the judge ordered Djokovic released from a quarantine hotel for undocumented immigrants, however, attorneys representing the Australian government warned that the immigration minister was considering whether to re-cancel Djokovic’s visa, threatening a new showdown. Soon, crowds gathered in downtown Melbourne, chanting, “Novak, Novak!” and “Free Nole!” as dusk fell.

https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles-espanol/whether

The judge’s ruling initially unleashed a wave of celebration among Djokovic’s supporters, scores of whom gathered in Melbourne’s Federation Square to dance and sing.

https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles-espanol/as

But as false rumors began to circulate that Djokovic had been detained again — something the government threatened to do Monday — the celebration turned to anger.

Pulsa aquí para ver una explicación sobre el uso del PAST PERFECT (HAD BEEN)

https://english.lingolia.com/es/gramatica/tiempos-verbales/past-perfect-simple


Several hundred Djokovic supporters, shouting “Free Novak,” marched to the skyscraper where the tennis star had been brought earlier in the day to watch the online proceedings with his attorneys.



When a car with tinted windows emerged from the parking garage, Djokovic supporters surrounded it and began to boo, curse and block the road. When the protesters got too close to the police officers ringing the car, the police began deploying pepper spray.

Djokovic supporters reacted angrily, screaming obscenities. At least one unmasked man spit on officers, while several threw plastic water bottles, hitting at least two officers, one in the head. An officer who was pepper-sprayed in the chaos fell to the sidewalk as a colleague helped him wash out his eyes. A Djokovic supporter and his daughter were also pepper-sprayed, with the family washing their eyes out with milk.

“It’s crazy,” said the girl’s mother. “There were kids as young as 5.”

Police officers said they did not know whether Djokovic was in the car.

Djokovic’s attorneys had presented a forceful case Monday against Australia’s treatment of the tennis star, at times appearing to draw agreement from the judge. But the government argued it had the right to turn away anyone who poses a potential health risk.

Djokovic, 34, had been held in Melbourne’s Park Hotel since Thursday after his visa was canceled upon his arrival in the country Wednesday night, when authorities rejected his request for an exemption from Australia’s requirement that visitors be vaccinated against the coronavirus. Djokovic appealed the decision, setting up Monday’s legal contest.

Pincha aquí para saber más sobre el subjuntivo en inglés.

https://www.britishcouncil.es/blog/subjuntivo-ingles


“I’m pleased and grateful that the Judge overturned my visa cancellation,” Djokovic wrote on Twitter, adding that he wanted to remain in the country and play at the Australian Open.

“I remain focused on that,” he wrote. “I flew here to play at one of the most important events we have in front of the amazing fans.”

The high-profile case captured headlines by pitting the steely Serb against Australia’s strict pandemic protocols. Djokovic’s family denounced his treatment, and Serbian and Australian officials traded criticism. The case transformed the unvaccinated sports star — a skeptic of coronavirus vaccines — into a lightning rod for the global vaccination debate.

In a news conference in Serbia, Djokovic’s parents thanked supporters and described their son’s ordeal but abruptly stopped taking questions when asked about his recent covid infection.

“There was a time when he didn’t have a telephone on him and we didn’t know what was 

,” said his mother, Dijana. “We didn’t know if he was okay, if he was sick … As a mother that was [difficult].”


Feliz Año Nuevo.

7 dic 2021

Grammar test online: relative clauses in English

Buenas tardes, estimados alumnos.

Foto de @mmolpor Casa en Budapest hoy en día.

Vamos con otro test, a ver qué tal van esos conocimientos de gramática inglesa. Y también, de asuntos internacionales, como la crisis en la frontera de Polonia y Bielorrusia que está jugando con la vida de miles de inmigrantes

Gracias a Anne Applebaum, cuyo artículo 'A Dictator Is Exploiting These Human Beings' he usado como base para coger las frases. Dos pájaros de un tiro.




2 dic 2021

Test online: Making suggestions in English

 Buenas tardes, estimados alumnos.


"Shall we change our tickets then?", asks Victoria.


Foto de Wikepedia

Texto cogido de CREA, TEMA 1, PAU.


Nota sobre gramática: En la última frase, con forma interrogativa, tenemos al falsa pregunta 'Shall we...?' que hemos traducido como '¿Qué te parece si cambiamos los billetes?, por lo que en realidad es una sugerencia.

Ve este vídeo breve -le puedes poner subtítulos en español- para aprender cómo se pueden hacer las sugerencias en inglés:



Aquí tenéis un resumen en inglés y en español de las expresiones más comunes que podemos usar:

@mmolpor


Y ahora, un pequeño test online: 

1 dic 2021

Reading comprehension: What will the weather be like?

Buenas tardes, estimados alumnos.

Foto de @mmolpor Caminos de Segovia.

CÓDIGOS DE COLORES:

AZUL: Traducciones.

ROJO: Aspectos gramaticales.

VERDE: Aspectos culturales.

NARANJA: Estructuras concatenadas

MORADO: Traducción y sinónimos, antónimos, etc.

Amarillo: Palabras con trampa.

Os dejo una plantilla para que, sobre la marcha, podáis ir completando con sinónimos, antónimos, etc y los significados. Espero que os sea de utilidad. Pinchad aquí para descargarla.



WHAT WILL THE WEATHER BE LIKE?


Michael and Victoria live in Australia and are planning a trip to the United States. They are flying to Miami, New York and Alaska and they don't know what the weather is going to be like.

Victoria looks at the weather channel on the Internet. She finds out that in New York it will be partly cloudy with a slight chance of showers. The high will be around 80F with East Northeast winds of 15 to 25 mph. 

"I find that the temperature is surprisingly high for this time of the year in New York", Victoria says to Michael.

"For Miami I suppose we'll have to pack our bathing suits", Michael adds.

"It seems like we aren't going to be very lucky. The weather forecast for Miami is as follows" says Victoria "Sunny with cloudy intervals. High of 57F. Winds South, 5 to 10 mph."

"What? Only 57F? That's very low. I can't believe it. That temperature can't be right for Miami. Besides it's going to be windy."

"Yeah" agreed Victoria. "It seems like we'll have to take our bathing suits for New York instead of for Miami. And, remember, 
later we'll go to Juneau, Alaska." 


"Yes, that's going to be very cold. Right?", asks Michael.


Foto de Wikipedia



"Let me see. I will check it on the weather channel again. It says: Juneau, Alaska. Overcast with rain showers at times. Temperatures in the mid to upper 30s. Winds East Southeast, 5 to 10 mph. Chance of rain 50%."

"Brrr...that's going to be very cold. I think I'd rather go to the Caribbean. I want to enjoy a hot climate, sunny skies and no thunderstorms."

"There are also thunderstorms in the Caribbean", says Victoria.

"Yes, I know, but that's only from May to June and September to October."

"Shall we change our tickets then?", asks Victoria.


Foto de Wikepedia

Texto cogido de CREA, TEMA 1, PAU.


Vocabulario básico: puedes descargarlo aquí.
@mmolpor


Reading comprehension: Underbrush and pine trees are a problem.

 Buenas tardes, estimados alumnos.

Foto de @mmolpor Caminos de Segovia.


Underbrush and pine trees are a problem


The mountain town of Canton is at an elevation of 6,000 feet, the highest in the area. It is surrounded by thick underbrush and pine trees. Because of six years of drought, these plants are a major fire hazard. Thousands of trees and tons of underbrush are going to be removed over the next five years at a minimum cost of $3 million. The brush is going to be removed first, then the trees are going to be cut down and removed. A cleared nonflammable area will then safely surround the town of 4,000.

Residents look forward to the work, because it will help their town survive a future forest fire. "But there are two problems," said one resident. "All the extra trucks are going to make traffic pretty bad. Once the area is cleared, we have to make sure dirt bikers don't try to make the cleared area their personal playground."

A recent fire burned 4,000 acres and destroyed 11 homes in nearby Hamilton. The fire was raging toward Canton, but a sudden rainstorm put it out. Residents know that they won't get lucky twice, so they are hoping this massive clearing operation will avoid a worse result in the future.

Ninety percent of the cutting and clearing are going to be paid for with federal funds . Unfortunately, if the trees are on private property, they must be paid for by the residents themselves. Prices can range as high as $1,000 to cut down and remove one tree. Officials say that residents can apply for state and federal loans if necessary. 

"Well, what good does that do me?" asked Thelma, a 65-year-old widow. "I'm living on social security. I've got four trees on my property. The government's not going to loan me money when they know there's no way I can pay it back. So what am I supposed to do? These planners with all their big ideas ought to think of the little people."


Texto cogido de CREA, unidad 1, PAU.

Saludos.