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Situación: Clase de 4º de ESO, 16:00.
El Profe "Moderno": Lleva moño, pendientes y pantalones rajados. Va vestido full Quechua como para asaltar el Kilimanjaro (aunque solo va a la sala de profesores) y usa Android. Eso sí, explica la gramática igual de mal que en 1990. Te dice: "Chicos, la pasiva es muy fácil, solo hay que permutar los sintagmas...".
Tú: (Cerebro desconectado).
(Haz clic para sentir el aburrimiento real)
El Profe "Moderno": Lleva moño, pendientes y pantalones rajados. Va vestido full Quechua como para asaltar el Kilimanjaro (aunque solo va a la sala de profesores) y usa Android. Eso sí, explica la gramática igual de mal que en 1990. Te dice: "Chicos, la pasiva es muy fácil, solo hay que permutar los sintagmas...".
Tú: (Cerebro desconectado).
(Haz clic para sentir el aburrimiento real)
🕵️♀️ Misión: Desbloquear el Verbo "TO BE"
¡Hola! 👋 No te preocupes, lo que te pasa es super normal. El verbo TO BE (ser/estar) es un camaleón. Copia exactamente el tiempo del verbo de la frase original.
🗺️ Tu Mapa del Tesoro: Solo tienes que mirar el verbo principal de la frase activa y copiar su "ADN temporal".
🚦 El Semáforo de la Pasiva
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💥 CRASH!
1. ¿Pasa AHORA? (Presente)
La Pista: Verbo normal o con "-s".
Tu cerebro elige: AM / IS / ARE
🍕 Ejemplo Clásico:
Batman eats the pizza.
→ The pizza IS eaten by Batman.
Batman eats the pizza.
→ The pizza IS eaten by Batman.
🚆 Ejemplo "Fantasía":
Renfe operates the trains perfectly.
→ The trains ARE operated perfectly. (Nótese la ironía).
Renfe operates the trains perfectly.
→ The trains ARE operated perfectly. (Nótese la ironía).
💸 Ejemplo Político:
The government boosts the economy.
→ The economy IS boosted by the government.
The government boosts the economy.
→ The economy IS boosted by the government.
2. ¿Pasó AYER? (Pasado)
La Pista: Verbo en "-ed" o 2ª columna.
Tu cerebro elige: WAS / WERE
🧟 Ejemplo Clásico:
A zombie ate my homework.
→ My homework WAS eaten by a zombie.
A zombie ate my homework.
→ My homework WAS eaten by a zombie.
🌊 Ejemplo Catástrofe:
The river swept away the palace.
→ The palace WAS swept away by the river.
The river swept away the palace.
→ The palace WAS swept away by the river.
🏗️ Ejemplo Obras:
They built a useless airport.
→ A useless airport WAS built.
They built a useless airport.
→ A useless airport WAS built.
3. ¿Ha OCURRIDO YA? (Perfecto)
La Pista: Ves HAVE o HAS.
Tu cerebro elige: HAVE BEEN / HAS BEEN
💎 Ejemplo Clásico:
Someone has stolen the diamond.
→ The diamond HAS BEEN stolen.
Someone has stolen the diamond.
→ The diamond HAS BEEN stolen.
⛈️ Ejemplo Drama:
The floods have ruined the harvest.
→ The harvest HAS BEEN ruined.
The floods have ruined the harvest.
→ The harvest HAS BEEN ruined.
🚅 Ejemplo Milagro:
They have finally fixed the tracks.
→ The tracks HAVE finally BEEN fixed.
They have finally fixed the tracks.
→ The tracks HAVE finally BEEN fixed.
4. ¿Es POSIBLE o FUTURO? (Modales/Condicional)
La Pista: Ves palabras como Will, Can, Should, Must, Would, Might.
Tu cerebro elige: MODAL + BE
🔮 Ejemplo Futuro:
Robots will do our work.
→ Our work WILL BE done by robots.
Robots will do our work.
→ Our work WILL BE done by robots.
🤔 Ejemplo Condicional:
I would buy that house.
→ That house WOULD BE bought.
I would buy that house.
→ That house WOULD BE bought.
🚫 Ejemplo Gremlins (Obligación):
You must not feed the angry students after midnight.
→ The angry students MUST NOT BE fed after midnight.
You must not feed the angry students after midnight.
→ The angry students MUST NOT BE fed after midnight.
🦖 Ejemplo Excusa Épica (Posibilidad):
A radioactive T-Rex might eat the math exams.
→ The math exams MIGHT BE eaten by a radioactive T-Rex.
A radioactive T-Rex might eat the math exams.
→ The math exams MIGHT BE eaten by a radioactive T-Rex.
⚖️ Ejemplo Utopía (Consejo):
The government should legally ban waking up early on Mondays.
→ Waking up early on Mondays SHOULD BE legally banned.
The government should legally ban waking up early on Mondays.
→ Waking up early on Mondays SHOULD BE legally banned.
📊 La Tabla Salvavidas
| Si ves esto (La Pista) | Tu cerebro activa (El Chunk) | Ejemplo Loco |
|---|---|---|
| Presente (cleans, eats) |
IS / ARE | The government lies → Lies ARE told. |
| Pasado (cleaned, ate) |
WAS / WERE | The river destroyed the bridge → The bridge WAS destroyed. |
| HAVE / HAS | HAVE/HAS + BEEN | They have cut the budget → The budget HAS BEEN cut. |
| MODALES (will, can, would) |
MODAL + BE | We should ban homework → Homework SHOULD BE banned. |
Nivel 1: El Calentamiento
Rellena con: is, are, was, were, has been, have been.
1. The economy improved by tourism.
2. The keys lost in the river.
3. The new law passed finally.
Nivel 2: Maestro Jedi (Modales & Tiempos Raros)
Usa: will be, can be, should be, would be, had been.
4. The taxes paid immediately.
5. The new palace built next year.
6. The problem solved with money.
7. When I arrived, the cake eaten.
Nivel 3: THE BOSS (Impersonal Passive)
Traduce la estructura "Se dice que..." usando "It is...".
8. "People say that the economy is crashing."
→ that the economy is crashing.
→ that the economy is crashing.
9. "They think that the train is late."
→ that the train is late.
→ that the train is late.
10. "Experts believe that the river is dangerous."
→ that the river is dangerous.
→ that the river is dangerous.
🧑🎓
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