Modelo de examen trimestral tipo selectividad (2) : práctica de comprensión lectora, vocabulario y tiempos verbales

Buenas tardes, estimados alumnos.

Avanzamos esta semana con otra práctica de un modelo de examen tipo selectividad, pero centrándonos en las partes de comprensión lectora, vocabulario y tiempos verbales. 

https://www.freepik.es/search?format=search&last_filter=query&last_value=haciendo+examen&query=haciendo+examen#uuid=af9a1ffc-3a77-4034-b643-9613ea086faf

Read the text and answer the questions that follow.

	Virtual Romance
I	Mark and Jenna met and fell madly in love. After a short and intense romance, the couple married. It seemed like the perfect love story, except that Jenna and Mark don’t exist. They are avatars, online characters that exist in Second Life, a popular Internet fantasy world. “Jenna” is actually 40-year-old Mary Emmett, a single mother from Newcastle in England. In reality, “Mark” was created by Steven Jackson, a 35-year-old teacher from Liverpool.
II	Second Life is an online fantasy world. Its residents live in a parallel world which is just like real life, only much better. It’s a world where people become whoever they wish to be. In Second Life, they can have the kind of experiences that they would never have in real life. Some, like Jenna and Mark, fall in love.
III	As the avatars’ relationship develops, their creators spend hours online controlling everything they do. In fact, people become so involved in their avatars’ romance that they often begin to neglect their real-life commitments and relationships.
IV	In some cases, the real people behind the avatars arrange to meet in real life and find that their feelings for one another are just as strong as they are in the online world. Often these online relationships do not transfer into the real world; when the people behind the avatars actually meet, they usually find that they have very little in common.
V	However, despite the fact that a relatively small number of people actually find a romantic partner in online games, people continue to look for love online. Psychologists claim that people enjoy the control they have in these relationships. They like the fact that they can reveal what they want about themselves. Furthermore, they suggest, it is very easy to get close to someone online as people may feel more comfortable telling their secrets to a virtual person than to a real one.
VI	More than 15 million people around the world are involved in online fantasy games and more are joining every day. But if people are really interested in finding love, perhaps they should switch off their computers and begin living in the real world.

1 Elige la respuesta correcta según lo indicado en el texto. 

1. Second Life … .

a. is less exciting than real life

b. is nothing like the real world

c. allows people to act out their fantasies

d. is not very popular

2. The writer of the article believes that … .

a. people shouldn’t look for love via computer games

b. online fantasy games can improve real relationships

c. it is a good idea to look for love online

d. online fantasy games help people to appreciate their real lives

2  Decide if the following sentences are true (T) or false (F). 

…… 1. Avatars don’t control their creator’s actions.

…… 2. Online fantasy games don’t usually have a negative effect on real life.

…… 3. Many people can’t find  real love in an online game.

3. Complete the sentences with the words below. 

occur • remind • personal • foolproof • deal with • creative

1. You’ll take great pictures with this …………………… camera.

2. Where did the accident …………………… ?

3. This information is private and …………………… .

4. He’s the most …………………… artist of his generation.

5. Please …………………… me to phone Julia tonight.

6. Can you …………………… this issue immediately?

4.  Choose the correct answer. 

1. Mr Smith must / should / can take his medication to stay alive.

2. That woman can’t / mustn’t / shouldn’t be Lucy. Lucy has gone abroad.

3. If we didn’t take / hadn’t taken / wouldn’t have taken our coats, we would have been cold.

4. They must have / could have / should have driven, but they decided to walk instead.

5. I’m still not sure, but I will / may / must decide to go on the trip.

5. Complete the passage with the verbs in brackets. Use the Past Simple, Present Perfect Simple or Past Perfect Simple. 

Before Charles II of England became king in 1649, he 1.……………………  (have to) leave England to escape from his enemies, who 2..……………………. (kill) his father and 3..……………………. (want) to kill him, too. On his way out of the country, he planned to stay with people who 4.……………………. (prove) their loyalty to the royal family. But the people were afraid that their house would not be safe for him. So they 5.……………………. (take) him out to an old oak tree that 6.……………………. (grow) on their land. The king climbed the tree and 7.……………………. (hide) in the branches. The soldiers 8.……………………. (search) the house and land, but they didn’t find the king. After the soldiers 9.……………………. (leave), the king climbed down and continued on his way. This incident 10.……………………. (become) very famous in English history, and today many pubs are called The Royal Oak  to remind us of it.

6. Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use the Future Continuous or Future Perfect Simple.

1. This time next year, Jeff …………………… (live) in Canada.

2. Do you think the show …………………… (start) by the time we get there?

3. Phone me on Tuesday night – I …………………… (not do) anything then.

4. I’ll tell Mark. I …………………… (see) him soon.

7. Complete the sentences using the verbs in brackets and a future tense. There may be more than one possible answer. 

1. He …………………… (not get better) if he doesn’t take the medicine.

2. …………………… they …………………… (clean out) their room tomorrow, as they promised?

3. …………………… she …………………… (move) to New York if she gets that job?

4. By the time you get home, I …………………… (finish) my homework.

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📝 Examen de Inglés Resuelto

1 Elige la respuesta correcta según lo indicado en el texto.

1. Second Life … .

   a. is less exciting than real life

   b. is nothing like the real world

   c. allows people to act out their fantasies

   d. is not very popular

2. The writer of the article believes that … .

   a. people shouldn’t look for love via computer games

   b. online fantasy games can improve real relationships

   c. it is a good idea to look for love online

   d. online fantasy games help people to appreciate their real lives

   
   

   
   

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2 Decide if the following sentences are true (T) or false (F).

 True (T) or False (F) - Explanations

1. Avatars don’t control their creator’s actions.	T	The text states that the creators spend hours online controlling everything their avatars do. The avatars are simply characters or tools used by the real people.
2. Online fantasy games don’t usually have a negative effect on real life.	F	The text explains that people become so involved in their online romance that they often begin to neglect their real-life commitments and relationships.
3. Many people can’t find real love in an online game.	T	The text mentions that only a relatively small number of people actually find a romantic partner in online games, suggesting it is uncommon and difficult for the majority.

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3. Complete the sentences with the words below.

occur • remind • personal • foolproof • deal with • creative

1. You’ll take great pictures with this foolproof camera.

2. Where did the accident occur?

3. This information is private and personal.

4. He’s the most creative artist of his generation.

5. Please remind me to phone Julia tonight.

6. Can you deal with this issue immediately?

   
   

   
   

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4 Choose the correct answer.

1. Mr Smith must / should / can take his medication to stay alive.

2. That woman can’t / mustn’t / can’t be Lucy. Lucy has gone abroad.

3. If we didn’t take / hadn’t taken / wouldn’t have taken our coats, we would have been cold.

4. They must have / could have / should have driven, but they decided to walk instead.

5. I’m still not sure, but I will / may / must decide to go on the trip.

   
   

   
   

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5. Complete the passage with the verbs in brackets. Use the Past Simple, Present Perfect Simple or Past Perfect Simple.

Before Charles II of England became king in 1649, he 1.had to (have to) leave England to escape from his enemies, who 2.had killed (kill) his father and 3.wanted (want) to kill him, too. On his way out of the country, he planned to stay with people who 4.had proved (prove) their loyalty to the royal family. But the people were afraid that their house would not be safe for him. So they 5.took (take) him out to an old oak tree that 6.had grown / was growing (grow) on their land. The king climbed the tree and 7.hid (hide) in the branches. The soldiers 8.searched (search) the house and land, but they didn’t find the king. After the soldiers 9.had left(leave), the king climbed down and continued on his way. This incident 10.became (become) very famous in English history, and today many pubs are called The Royal Oak to remind us of it.

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6 Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use the Future Continuous or Future Perfect Simple.

1. This time next year, Jeff will be living (live) in Canada.

2. Do you think the show will have started (start) by the time we get there?

3. Phone me on Tuesday night – I won't be doing (not do) anything then.

4. I’ll tell Mark. I will be seeing (see) him soon.

   
   

   
   

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7 Complete the sentences using the verbs in brackets and a future tense. There may be more than one possible answer.

1. He won't get better (not get better) if he doesn’t take the medicine.

2. Will they be cleaning out / Are they going to clean out (clean out) their room tomorrow, as they promised?

3. Will she move / Is she going to move (move) to New York if she gets that job?

4. By the time you get home, I will have finished (finish) my homework.

   
   

   
   

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GLOSARIO DE VOCABULARIO DEL TEXTO DE LECTURA:

📚 Glosario Extenso (Nivel B2/C1)

N.º	Palabra en Inglés	Nivel	Traducción al Español
1	Madly	B2	Locamente, apasionadamente
2	Intense	B2	Intenso/a
3	Romance	B2	Romance, idilio
4	Avatars	B2	Avatares (personajes virtuales)
5	Exist	B2	Existir
6	Popular	B2	Popular, conocido/a
7	Fantasy	B2	Fantasía
8	Actually	B2	En realidad, de hecho
9	Single mother	B2	Madre soltera
10	Created	B2	Creado/a
11	Parallel	B2	Paralelo/a
12	Residents	B2	Residentes
13	Experiences	B2	Experiencias
14	Develops	B2	Se desarrolla, evoluciona
15	Creators	B2	Creadores/as
16	Controlling	B2	Controlando
17	In fact	B2	De hecho, en realidad
18	Involved	B2	Involucrado/a, implicado/a
19	Neglect	C1	Descuidar, desatender
20	Commitments	C1	Compromisos, obligaciones
21	Relationships	B2	Relaciones
22	Arrange	B2	Acordar, concertar, organizar
23	Meet	B2	Reunirse, encontrarse
24	Transfer	B2	Transferirse, trasladarse
25	Usually	B2	Normalmente, habitualmente
26	Common	B2	Común, habitual
27	Despite	B2	A pesar de (que)
28	Relatively	B2	Relativamente
29	Partner	B2	Pareja, compañero/a
30	Psychologists	C1	Psicólogos/as
31	Claim	B2	Afirmar, alegar
32	Enjoy	B2	Disfrutar
33	Reveal	B2	Revelar, desvelar
34	Themselves	B2	A sí mismos/as
35	Furthermore	C1	Además, es más
36	Suggest	B2	Sugerir
37	Comfortable	B2	Cómodo/a
38	Secrets	B2	Secretos
39	Virtual	B2	Virtual
40	Switch off	B2	Apagar, desconectar

Rewriting: reescribe las oraciones en inglés utilizando las palabras indicadas entre paréntesis (1)

Buenas tardes, estimados alumnos.

Una de las tareas más difíciles del inglés es la de reescribir una oración usando una palabra o palabras dada. Ello implica conocer muy bien la gramática del idioma, a la par que el significado de las palabras. Dada la dificultad intrínseca de este tipo de ejercicios, iremos practicando poco a poco de cara al próximo examen.

Vamos hoy a hacer una pequeña práctica con algunas de las expresiones y tiempos verbales más usuales: by the time..., as, since, all the..., consequently, as a result of, because of, due to, owing to, on account of...

https://www.freepik.es/fotos-vectores-gratis/escribiendo-libro

Pero veamos primero cada una de estas palabras en detalle, sus usos y significados, con ejemplos:

📚 Conectores y Preposiciones de Causa y Tiempo

Esta tabla organiza los términos en inglés, su significado y su uso principal.

Palabra/Frase en Inglés	Significado Principal	Uso en Inglés (Explicación)	Uso en Español (Explicación)
by the time...	Para cuando	Used as a subordinating conjunction to show that one action or event is completed or will be completed before a second action or event takes place. It often involves the Past Perfect or Future Perfect tenses.	Se utiliza como una conjunción subordinadapara indicar que una acción o evento está completado o se completará antes de que ocurra un segundo evento. Frecuentemente requiere el pretérito perfecto o el futuro perfecto.
as	Como, Ya que, Mientras	Acts as a subordinating conjunction to express reason/cause (meaning since) or to express simultaneity (meaning while). It can also mean in the manner of.	Funciona como una conjunción subordinadapara expresar razón/causa (significando ya que) o para expresar simultaneidad (significando mientras). También puede significar en la manera de.
since	Ya que, Desde	Primarily acts as a subordinating conjunction to express reason or cause, similar to because or as. It also functions as a preposition or conjunction referring to time, marking the starting point of an action.	Actúa principalmente como una conjunción subordinada para expresar razón o causa, similar a porque o ya que. También funciona como preposición o conjunción para referirse al tiempo, marcando el punto de inicio de una acción.
all the...	Todo/a el/la, Durante todo el/la...	Used as a quantifier/adjective to indicate an entire quantity or duration. When referring to time (e.g., all the morning), it emphasizes that the action was continuous throughout that period.	Se utiliza como cuantificador/adjetivo para indicar una cantidad o duración completa. Cuando se refiere al tiempo (ej. toda la mañana), enfatiza que la acción fue continua durante ese periodo.
consequently	Por consiguiente, En consecuencia	An adverb used to connect two independent clauses, showing that the second statement is the result or consequence of the first. It is usually preceded by a semicolon or a period and followed by a comma.	Es un adverbio que se usa para conectar dos cláusulas independientes, mostrando que la segunda declaración es el resultado o la consecuencia de la primera. Suele ir precedido por un punto y coma o un punto y seguido de una coma.
as a result of	Como resultado de, A consecuencia de	A compound preposition used to introduce a reason or cause, followed by a noun or noun phrase (or a gerund). It emphasizes the consequence that followed the action mentioned.	Es una preposición compuesta que se utiliza para introducir una razón o causa, seguida de un sustantivo o frase nominal (o un gerundio). Enfatiza la consecuencia que siguió a la acción mencionada.
because of	A causa de, Debido a	A compound preposition used to introduce the reason or cause for something, and must be followed by a noun or noun phrase. It cannot introduce a full clause (subject + verb).	Una preposición compuesta que se usa para introducir la razón o causa de algo, y debe ir seguida de un sustantivo o frase nominal. No puede introducir una oración completa (sujeto + verbo).
due to	Debido a	A compound preposition that usually means the same as because of. Traditionally, it modifies a noun (acting like an adjective), but it is now widely accepted to use it to introduce the reasonfor a whole sentence.	Una preposición compuesta que generalmente significa lo mismo que a causa de. Tradicionalmente, modifica un sustantivo(actuando como adjetivo), pero ahora es ampliamente aceptado su uso para introducir la razón de una oración completa.
owing to	Debido a, Gracias a	A compound preposition used synonymously with because of and due toto express reason or cause, followed by a noun or noun phrase. It is considered slightly more formal.	Una preposición compuesta que se utiliza como sinónimo de because of y due to para expresar razón o causa, seguida de un sustantivo o frase nominal. Se considera ligeramente más formal.
on account of	A causa de, Por razón de	A compound preposition used to introduce the reason or cause for something, followed by a noun or noun phrase. It is often used in formal contexts and is a less common alternative to because of.	Una preposición compuesta que se utiliza para introducir la razón o causa de algo, seguida de un sustantivo o frase nominal. A menudo se utiliza en contextos formales y es una alternativa menos común a because of.

Vamos ahora con la práctica: Rewriting practice.

1. It is now 12:30 and my students are still sleeping. (all the morning)

   
   

2. The prom party will begin at 20:00 with a speech by the headmaster. (by 20:30)

   
   

3. Valentino Rosi is good at driving motorbikes. Therefore, he sometimes helps Márquez when he is late by kicking him out of the way. (since)

   
   

4. My mother cooked lasagna; then, all the family came for lunch. (by the time) 

   
   

5. I broke my leg while I was attempting to fix the pipes in the garden, so I had to quit my job for a while. (as)

   
   

6. Due to the great difficulty of the crossword I was attempting to complete, I decided to call a code-breaker to help me decipher it! (consequently)

   
   

7. Social networks such as Instagram, Twitter and even Facebook still need to better their functionality in some respects because they have frequent breakdowns. (as a result of)

   
   

8. More often than not, it is not so easy to spot clues in a puzzle. Solvers have to struggle to guess which the answers are. (because of/ due to /owing to)

   
   

9. Studying a degree at university involves a certain amount of effort which not everybody is ready to make. Therefore, some students drop out when they finish their secondary education. (as /since)

   
   

10. Picasso painted lots of figurative pictures, full of squares and triangles, with puzzles and riddles, so not many people can understand them. (Due to)

    
    

11. Understanding why Rosi kicked Márquez requires a great effort. Therefore, I will have to watch the video again. (since)

    
    

12. Life is so brief and short. Consequently, we have to make the most out of it and seize the day! (Because of)

    
    

13. I have been putting on some weight lately, so I my trousers don’t fit any longer. (since)

    
    

    
    

    KEY ANSWERS:

    
    

    📝 Ejercicio de Reescribir Frases (Rewriting Practice)

    A continuación, se presentan las frases originales y su reescritura, empleando la palabra o frase de conexión solicitada.

    • Original: It is now 12:30 and my students are still sleeping.

      • Reescrita (all the morning): My students have been sleeping all the morning (and they are still sleeping).

    • Original: The prom party will begin at 20:00 with a speech by the headmaster.

      • Reescrita (by 20:30): The prom party will have started by 20:30.

    • Original: Valentino Rosi is good at driving motorbikes. Therefore, he sometimes helps Márquez when he is late by kicking him out of the way.

      • Reescrita (since): Valentino Rosi sometimes helps Márquez when he is late by kicking him out of the way, since he is good at driving motorbikes.

    • Original: My mother cooked lasagna; then, all the family came for lunch.

      • Reescrita (by the time): By the time all the family came for lunch, my mother had cooked lasagna.

    • Original: I broke my leg while I was attempting to fix the pipes in the garden, so I had to quit my job for a while.

      • Reescrita (as): As I broke my leg while attempting to fix the pipes in the garden, I had to quit my job for a while.

    • Original: Due to the great difficulty of the crossword I was attempting to complete, I decided to call a code-breaker to help me decipher it!

      • Reescrita (consequently): I was attempting to complete a crossword of great difficulty; consequently, I decided to call a code-breaker to help me decipher it!

    • Original: Social networks such as Instagram, Twitter and even Facebook still need to better their functionality in some respects because they have frequent breakdowns.

      • Reescrita (as a result of): Social networks such as Instagram, Twitter and even Facebook still need to better their functionality in some respects as a result of their frequent breakdowns.

    • Original: More often than not, it is not so easy to spot clues in a puzzle. Solvers have to struggle to guess which the answers are.

      • Reescrita (because of/ due to /owing to): Solvers have to struggle to guess the answers because of/due to/owing to the fact that it is not so easy to spot clues in a puzzle.

    • Original: Studying a degree at university involves a certain amount of effort which not everybody is ready to make. Therefore, some students drop out when they finish their secondary education.

      • Reescrita (as /since): Some students drop out when they finish their secondary education, as/since studying a degree at university involves a certain amount of effort which not everybody is ready to make.

    • Original: Picasso painted lots of figurative pictures, full of squares and triangles, with puzzles and riddles, so not many people can understand them.

      • Reescrita (Due to): Due to the fact that Picasso painted lots of figurative pictures, full of squares and triangles, with puzzles and riddles, not many people can understand them.

    • Original: Understanding why Rosi kicked Márquez requires a great effort. Therefore, I will have to watch the video again.

      • Reescrita (since): I will have to watch the video again since understanding why Rosi kicked Márquez requires a great effort.

    • Original: Life is so brief and short. Consequently, we have to make the most out of it and seize the day!

      • Reescrita (Because of): Because of how brief and short life is, we have to make the most out of it and seize the day!

    • Original: I have been putting on some weight lately, so I my trousers don’t fit any longer.

      • Reescrita (since): My trousers don’t fit any longer since I have been putting on some weight lately.

    Y aquí os dejos las traducciones: