Buenos días, estimados alumnos.
Os dejo hoy un segundo examen tipo PGAS, que incluye un texto de comprensión lectora para abrir boca, sobre uno de los temas que más gusta a las administraciones de hoy en día, la formación profesional, los ciclos formativos y, en general, la educación de adultos, etc., de modo que se vaya repasando este vocabulario.
En las próximas pruebas que os envíe, empezaré a incluir ejercicios de listening.
Os adjunto también in glosario, para que no tengáis que perder tiempo buscando palabras en el diccionario, y un documento con las respuestas y explicaciones.
Si al terminar de hacer las tareas y revisar tus apuntes tienes alguna duda, por favor, déjala en 'comentarios' para que te pueda contestar con rapidez.
Saludos.
📝 SIMULACRO DE PRUEBA DE ACCESO A CICLOS FORMATIVOS DE GRADO SUPERIOR (PAGS)
INSTITUTO DE EDUCACIÓN PERMANENTE (IPEP) DE JAÉN
Materia: LENGUA EXTRANJERA: INGLÉS
Nivel: B2 (General)
Instrucciones:
- Este ejercicio consta de 20 preguntas de opción múltiple.
- Debe elegir una sola respuesta de las cuatro opciones (a, b, c, d) para cada pregunta.
📝 Glosario Esencial
I. READING COMPREHENSION (1 – 6)
The Adult Learner's Advantage
Returning to education as an adult, particularly through Vocational Training (Ciclos Formativos), presents numerous benefits. Many people find themselves needing a career change or an update of their skills to remain relevant in the modern job market. Unlike younger students, adults bring valuable life experience to the classroom, which often helps them grasp practical concepts quickly and manage their time efficiently. This maturity is a significant asset.
Furthermore, these courses typically have a strong practical focus, providing hands-on experience directly applicable to a specific field. This pragmatic approach is highly appealing to adults who are goal-oriented. They usually have a clear vision of what they want to achieve and are therefore more motivated and dedicated. Financial stability might be a concern, but the short duration of many vocational courses ensures a quicker return to employment or a salary increase.
Ultimately, adult learners contribute to a richer learning environment, sharing their diverse backgrounds and professional insights, making the decision to study as an adult a truly rewarding investment.
Choose the best answer for each question based on the text:
- What is the main reason many adults return to education?
a) They want to meet new people in a social setting.
b) They are forced to study by their current employers.
c) They need to change careers or update their professional skills.
d) They want to travel more frequently.
- According to the text, what advantage do adult learners bring to the classroom compared to younger students?
a) They have better exam techniques.
b) They are always more relaxed and less stressed.
c) They bring valuable life experience and maturity.
d) They usually have more free time.
- What is particularly attractive to goal-oriented adult students about these courses?
a) The theoretical content is very deep.
b) The courses have a strong practical focus and hands-on experience.
c) The classes are always held in the evening.
d) The teachers are younger than the students.
- How does the text suggest the financial concern of studying is balanced?
a) Through large government grants for every student.
b) By offering full-time employment during the course.
c) By the short duration of courses, which allows a quick return to the job market.
d) By eliminating tuition fees completely.
5. The text states that adult learners contribute to a "richer learning environment" by:
a) Bringing better snacks to class.
b) Sharing their diverse backgrounds and professional insights.
c) Always achieving the highest grades.
d) Helping younger students finish their homework.
6. The word asset in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to:
a) a negative consequence
b) a problem or difficulty
c) a useful or valuable thing
d) a type of financial debt
II. VOCABULARY AND USAGE (7 – 17)
Elija la opción que complete correctamente el significado de la oración o que sea el sinónimo más adecuado de la palabra destacada.
7. The manager gave a very persuasive speech to emphasize the importance of teamwork.
a) hide
b) stress
c) ignore
d) replace
8. The students were asked to check the text carefully before answering the questions.
a) read quickly
b) guess
c) examine
d) rewrite
9. The teacher encouraged them to foster a positive attitude during the project.
a) destroy
b) promote
c) hide
d) question
10. He bought a jacket that was very expensive compared to the others.
a) too little
b) extremely
c) rarely
d) somehow
11. The new policy aims to reduce the effects of climate change.
a) increase
b) lessen
c) ignore
d) imitate
12. She spoke in such a clear way that everyone understood the instructions.
a) confusing
b) easy to understand
c) loud
d) rude
13. They must compile all the necessary documents for the application.
a) send
b) collect
c) throw away
d) compare
14. The guide provided a thorough explanation of the museum’s history.
a) brief
b) incomplete
c) detailed
d) confusing
15. She tried to predict the results before the experiment began.
a) ignore
b) foresee
c) analyze
d) avoid
16. The team reached a workable solution after a long discussion.
a) impossible
b) practical
c) temporary
d) unfair
17. The detailed design of the building impressed the visitors.
a) simple
b) careless
c) careful
d) fragile
III. GRAMMAR AND STRUCTURE (18 – 20)
Elija la opción gramaticalmente correcta para completar la oración.
18. If she had known about the meeting, she undoubtedly __________ attended.
1. might
2. would
3. would have
4. had
19. He arrived late because he __________ missed the bus.
e) on purpose
f) by accident
g) frequently
h) hardly
20. The film was __________ difficult to understand due to its complex plot.
a) surprisingly
b) famously
c) rarely
d) quickly
✅ SOLUCIONES Y EXPLICACIONES
I. RESPUESTAS CORRECTAS (INGLÉS Y ESPAÑOL)
N.º | Respuesta | Explicación (Español) | Explanation (English) |
1 | c) | El texto menciona que los adultos necesitan un cambio de carrera o una actualización de habilidades para el mercado laboral. | The text mentions adults needing a career change or skill update for the job market. |
2 | c) | El texto dice que los adultos aportan una experiencia vital valiosa y madurez (maturity). | The text states that adults bring valuable life experience and maturity. |
3 | b) | Se destaca que los cursos tienen un fuerte enfoque práctico y experiencia directa (hands-on), lo cual atrae a los orientados a objetivos. | It highlights the strong practical focus and hands-on experience, which appeals to goal-oriented adults. |
4 | c) | El texto indica que la corta duración de los cursosasegura un rápido regreso al empleo o un aumento de salario. | The text states that the short duration of the courses ensures a quick return to employment or a salary increase. |
5 | b) | Contribuyen compartiendo sus diversas trayectorias(backgrounds) y conocimientos profesionales (insights). | They contribute by sharing their diverse backgrounds and professional insights. |
6 | c) | Asset significa un activo, algo útil o valioso. | An asset is a useful or valuable item or quality. |
7 | b) | Emphasize (enfatizar) es sinónimo de stress (recalcar). | Emphasize is a synonym for stress or highlight. |
8 | c) | Check (revisar) el texto cuidadosamente requiere examine(examinar). | To check the text carefully means to examine it. |
9 | b) | Foster (fomentar) es sinónimo de promote (promover). | Foster is a synonym for promote or encourage. |
10 | b) | Very (muy) en un grado alto es extremely(extremadamente). | Very high degree is best expressed by extremely. |
11 | b) | Reduce (reducir) es sinónimo de lessen (disminuir). | Reduce is a synonym for lessen or diminish. |
12 | b) | Clear (claro) significa que es easy to understand (fácil de entender). | Clear instructions are easy to understand. |
13 | b) | Compile (compilar) documentos es collect(recoger/reunir) documentos. | To compile documents means to collect them. |
14 | c) | Thorough (exhaustiva) es sinónimo de detailed(detallada). | Thorough means complete and detailed. |
15 | b) | Predict (predecir) es sinónimo de foresee (prever). | Predict is a synonym for foresee. |
16 | b) | Workable (factible) es sinónimo de practical (práctico). | Workable means that it is practical or feasible. |
17 | c) | Un diseño detailed (detallado) es un diseño careful(cuidadoso). | A detailed design is one that is careful. |
18 | c) | Es el Tercer Condicional (Third Conditional): If + Past Perfect (had known), Would have + Past Participle(would have attended). | This is the Third Conditional structure: Would have + Past Participle. |
19 | b) | By accident (por accidente) es la expresión correcta para describir que algo ocurrió sin intención. | The phrase by accident means unintentionally. |
20 | b) | Famously (famosamente) se utiliza aquí como notoriously(notoriamente), para indicar que es bien conocido por ser difícil. | Famously is used here to mean notoriously, widely known for being difficult. |
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II. GLOSARIO DE VOCABULARIO
A. Palabras del Texto de Comprensión Lectora (B1/B2)
Word (English) | Meaning (Español) |
Vocational Training | Formación Profesional (Ciclos Formativos) |
Career Change | Cambio de carrera/profesión |
Skills | Habilidades/destrezas |
Relevant | Relevante/pertinente |
Life Experience | Experiencia de vida |
Grasp | Captar/comprender |
Practical Concepts | Conceptos prácticos |
Maturity | Madurez |
Asset | Activo/cualidad valiosa |
Strong Focus | Enfoque fuerte/sólido |
Hands-on Experience | Experiencia práctica/directa |
Pragmatic Approach | Enfoque pragmático |
Goal-oriented | Orientado a objetivos |
Motivated | Motivado |
Dedicated | Dedicado |
Financial Stability | Estabilidad financiera |
Concern | Preocupación |
Duration | Duración |
Employment | Empleo |
Salary Increase | Aumento de sueldo |
Ultimately | En última instancia/finalmente |
Contribute | Contribuir |
Richer Environment | Entorno más enriquecedor |
Diverse Backgrounds | Trayectorias diversas |
Professional Insights | Conocimientos/Perspectivas profesionales |
Rewarding Investment | Inversión gratificante |
Numerous Benefits | Numerosos beneficios |
Remaining | Permanecer/mantenerse |
Efficiently | Eficientemente |
Appealing | Atractivo/interesante |
B. Palabras de las Preguntas de Uso y Gramática (B2)
Word (English) | Meaning (Español) |
Emphasize (Q7) | Enfatizar/destacar |
Stress (Q7) | Recalcar/subrayar |
Check (Q8) | Revisar/comprobar |
Examine (Q8) | Examinar/inspeccionar |
Fostered (Q9) | Fomentar/promover |
Promote (Q9) | Promocionar/alentar |
Extremely (Q10) | Extremadamente |
Rarely (Q10) | Rara vez |
Reduce (Q11) | Reducir |
Lessen (Q11) | Disminuir |
Coherent (Q12) | Coherente/claro |
Easy to understand (Q12) | Fácil de entender |
Compile (Q13) | Compilar/recopilar |
Collect (Q13) | Recoger/reunir |
Thorough (Q14) | Exhaustivo/detallado |
Detailed (Q14) | Detallado |
Predict (Q15) | Predecir |
Foresee (Q15) | Prever |
Workable (Q16) | Factible/viable |
Practical (Q16) | Práctico |
Design (Q17) | Diseño |
Careful (Q17) | Cuidadoso |
Undoubtedly (Q18) | Indudablemente |
Attended (Q18) | Asistido |
On purpose (Q19) | A propósito |
By accident (Q19) | Por accidente |
Famously (Q20) | Famosamente/notoriamente |
Plot (Q20) | Trama/argumento |
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